What is defined as the simultaneous ignition of all combustible materials in a compartment?

The simultaneous ignition of all combustible materials in a compartment is known as flashover. During a flashover, the temperature within the space reaches a point where all the exposed surfaces ignite almost simultaneously, resulting in a rapid transition from a smoldering or small fire to a fully developed fire. This phenomenon is critical for firefighters to understand as it can significantly increase the danger to life and property, often providing little warning before a fire becomes uncontrollable.

Flashover typically occurs due to the buildup of heat and combustible gases in a confined area, and the timing can be affected by various factors including the materials present, the layout of the space, and ventilation conditions. Understanding this process helps fire brigade members make informed decisions about firefighting tactics and safety measures during their operations.

In contrast, backdraft refers to an explosive event caused by the sudden introduction of oxygen into an oxygen-depleted environment that is heated by fire, while fire growth pertains to the progression of a fire from its inception to a fully developed state. Smoke explosions involve the ignition of a concentrated cloud of flammable smoke, but are distinct from the simultaneous ignition of materials seen in flashover.